On June 1, 1917, the council convened a meeting of scientific representatives of the United Kingdom and France with interested parties from the U.S. When war was first declared, the Council had organized committees on antisubmarine and gas warfare. with the object of increasing knowledge, of strengthening the national defense, and of contributing in other ways to the public welfare." ĭuring World War I, the United States was at war, the NRC operated as the Department of Science and Research of the Council of National Defense as well as the Science and Research Division of the United States Army Signal Corps. and in the application of these sciences to engineering, agriculture. "(T)o stimulate research in the mathematical. Wilson's order declared the function of the NRC to be in general: In 1918, Wilson formalized the NRC's existence under Executive Order 2859. These recommendations were accepted by the War Department in June 1917, although the plants were not completed prior to the end of the war. The NRC, through its committee, recommended importing Chilean saltpeter and the construction of four new ordnance plants. Nitric acid was the substance basic in the making of propellants such as cordite, high explosives, dyes, fertilizers, and other products but availability was limited due to World War I. and such other applications of science as will promote the national security and welfare." Īt the time, the Academy's effort to support national defense readiness, the Committee on Nitric Acid Supply, was approved by Secretary of War Newton D. the employment of scientific methods in strengthening the national defense. The purpose of the Council (at first called the National Research Foundation) was in part to foster and encourage "the increased use of scientific research in the development of American industries. On June 19 of that year, then US President Woodrow Wilson requested that the National Academy of Sciences organize a "National Research Council". Under this same charter, the National Research Council was created in 1916. " Īll subsequently affiliated organizations have been created under this same overall congressional charter, including the two younger academies, National Academy of Engineering (NAE) (created in 1964) and NAM (created as the Institute of Medicine in 1970 and rechartered as NAM in 2015). coinage, weights and measures, iron ship hulls, and the purity of whiskey. " With the American civil war raging, the new Academy was presented with few problems to solve, but it did address matters of ". the Academy shall, whenever called upon by any department of the Government, investigate, examine, experiment, and report upon any subject of science or art.
The US National Academy of Sciences was created by an Act of Incorporation dated March 3, 1863, which was signed by then President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln.
3.1.1 Units of the Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education.3.1 Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education (DBASSE).
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